The Most Disregarded Answer for Essay Writing Samples Gre

The Most Disregarded Answer for Essay Writing Samples Gre Should you need samples fast, then you'll almost certainly enjoy our simple three-step approach. Well everyone requires some sort of assistance from time to time. For instance, in a country like Canada, where health care is absolutely free to all citizens, the potential for heart disease is on the upswing. It's important to thoroughly read and adhere to the directions in order to fulfill the test requirements. The Basics of Essay Writing Samples Gre Both Analytical Writing tasks are meant to test critical thinking and the capacity to articulate and assess complex arguments and discussions. Reasoning plays an essential role in specifying the general level of your essay. Consider your essay is limited concerning word count. An essay has to be composed of an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. You may observe that many Issue Essay prompts make statements that are hard to totally support. The 2nd essay would be about the argument analysis. GMAT writing must be achieved with care as you not only will need in order to recognize the holes in the statement you will critique you will also have to acquire your thoughts down in perfect English with no errors. Essay writing skills is a hard and time-consuming undertaking. Take the time to proofread your essay, after you finish writing it. Practice brainstorming a lot of different essay prompts from the ETS website to get accustomed to coming up with examples that you may use to support your standpoint. As soon as you have gathered ideas on the subject, you must properly place your thoughts into words. Others, naturally, scoff at the idea since they're such very good writers. Other times, you'll be given the freedom to develop informative and creative topics. If you are going to be taking the paper-based test, you must guarantee that you may write quickly and legibly, and you might want to devote extra time on day one of your essay to make certain that your thoughts are well-organized before you start to write. What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Essay Writing Samples Gre BYJU'S will be happy to assist you in your GRE preparation journey. However you get ready for the essays, make sure you at least write a couple of each type before you take the actual GRE. So, you need to make sure there are at least 5-6 paragraphs in your essay, if you would like a good score on the AWA. While reading, it's also advisable to make note of all of the unfamiliar words and later learn them. Yes, there are a few great articles and sample 6. You will get your essay scores approximately 10-15 days following your test date. Employing a great essay proofreading service does not just enable you to correct the paper which you've written. Simple mistakes in your writing will significantly harm your last scores which is something you won't want if you're to compete in your admissions. If you're able to reveal wonderful writing skills along with a good ability to organize, you will become definitely an ideal grade. Learning along with reading is a must, but also is writing along with applying the knowledge you've got. The very first issue to do before you get started searching for GRE sample essays is to comprehend what the Analytical Writing test section is about. To practice writing awa essays all you want to do is. If you get ready for the exam format. If you get ready for the exam format from greguide.

The Best Business Entrepreneurs - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 514 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/06 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Steve Jobs Essay Did you like this example? Steve Jobs As a standout amongst the best business entrepreneurs, it is nothing unexpected that Steve Jobs was on top. While he did not always make the best choices, he continuously rose up to the occasion. He gained tremendous knowledge from his oversights and mistakes. Throughout his years, many business associates thought his leadership was crazy as he lead his endeavors in an unconventional manner. From beginning to end Steve made vast momentous decisions, but in turn lead to the incredible growth of Apple. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Best Business Entrepreneurs" essay for you Create order Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak co-founded Apple in Jobs parents garage. They were able to make deals with local vendors to buy parts on credit to get their first order of 100 computers full-filled. This was the Start of Apple. According to the Chicago Tribune, Apple is now the worlds first $1 Trillion-dollar company. Jobs goal was for Apples products to change the way people work, communicate and live in the new technology era. He believed that is products would change the world! The people who are crazy enough to think they change the world are the ones who do. -Apples 1997 ?Think Different commercial. Jobs didnt care about the cost, he cared about the quality of the product he was offering his consumers. He was the ultimate salesperson, as well as a true customer advocate. What a rare combination of attributes for an entrepreneur to possess, said David K. William a publisher and entrepreneur. Throughout the years Jobs was enthusiastic, passionate and fearless in what it took to grow Apple. Many of his tactics lead to many risks in the company which inevitably got him fired from the company he founded. From this point he partnered with NeXT, inc. a PC organization, The NeXT combined powerful hardware and software in ways that had never been done before Apple Computer bought NeXT in 1996 after its own efforts to upgrade the Macintosh operating system failed. After the sale, Steve Jobs first began working as an advisor but was later appointed acting-CEO, and then finally CEO of the company. NeXTSTEP lives on as the heart of Mac OS X According to Simson.net. In 1997, Microsoft invested $150 Million dollars into Apple as the partnered Microsoft Office and Internet Explorer for the Mac. During this timeframe, Jobs also became the top shareholder or Pixar, an animation studio. When Pixar was sold to Disney for 7.4 Million, by converting Pixar shares to Disney shares, Jobs became the top shareholder in Disney! For quite a long-time, organizations over the world have attempted to understand Steve Jobs abilities and tactics that made him so inconceivably ingenious and successful. He not only changed the manner in which we conceive technology, he also changed films, music, retail shopping and thats only the tip of the iceberg. His abilities as a business person were a portion that the best of the world has seen. With this, Fortune magazine pronounced Steve Jobs The Greatest Entrepreneur of Our Time in their ranking of the Top 12 entrepreneurs. Steve jobs, a college dropout, was an incredible and successful entrepreneur from a year young age. He is a legend!

The Battle of Chapultepec in the Mexican-American War

On Sept. 13, 1847, the American army assaulted the Mexican Military Academy, a fortress known as Chapultepec, which guarded the gates to Mexico City. Although the Mexicans inside fought valiantly, they were outgunned and outnumbered and were soon overrun. With Chapultepec under their control, the Americans were able to storm two of the city gates and by nightfall were in tentative control of Mexico City itself. Although the Americans captured Chapultepec, the battle is a source of great pride for Mexicans today, as young cadets fought bravely to defend the fortress. The Mexican-American War Mexico and the United States had gone to war in 1846. Among the causes of this conflict were Mexicos lingering anger over the loss of Texas and the US desire for Mexicos western lands, such as California, Arizona, and New Mexico. The Americans attacked from the north and from the east while sending a smaller army west to secure those territories they wanted. The eastern attack, under General Winfield Scott, landed on the Mexican coast in March of 1847. Scott made his way towards Mexico City, winning battles at Veracruz, Cerro Gordo, and Contreras. After the Battle of Churubusco on August 20, Scott agreed to an armistice which lasted until Sept. 7. The Battle of Molino del Rey After talks stalled and the armistice was broken, Scott decided to hit Mexico City from the west and take the Belà ©n and San Cosme gates into the city. These gates were protected by two strategic points: a fortified old mill named Molino del Rey and the fortress of Chapultepec, which was also Mexicos military academy. On September 8, Scott ordered General William Worth to take the mill. The Battle of Molino del Rey was bloody but short and ended with an American victory. At one point during the battle, after fighting off an American assault, Mexican soldiers crept out of the fortifications to kill American wounded: the Americans would remember this hateful act. Chapultepec Castle Scott now turned his attention to Chapultepec. He had to take the fortress in combat: it stood as a symbol of hope for the people of Mexico City, and Scott knew that his enemy would never negotiate a peace until he had defeated it. The castle itself was an imposing stone fortress set on the top of Chapultepec Hill, some 200 feet above the surrounding area. The fortress was relatively lightly defended: about 1,000 troops under the command of General Nicolà ¡s Bravo, one of Mexicos better officers. Among the defenders were 200 cadets from the Military Academy who had refused to leave: some of them were as young as 13. Bravo had only about 13 cannons in the fortress, far too few for an effective defense. There was a gentle slope up the hill from Molino del Rey. Assault of Chapultepec The Americans shelled the fortress all day on September 12 with their deadly artillery. At dawn on the 13th, Scott sent two different parties to scale the walls and assault the castle: although resistance was stiff, these men managed to fight their way to the base of the walls of the castle itself. After a tense wait for scaling ladders, the Americans were able to scale the walls and take the fort in hand-to-hand fighting. The Americans, still angry over their murdered companions at Molino del Rey, showed no quarter, killing many wounded and surrendering Mexicans. Nearly everyone in the castle was killed or captured: General Bravo was among those taken prisoner. According to legend, six young cadets refused to surrender or retreat, fighting to the end: they have been immortalized as the Nià ±os Hà ©roes, or Hero Children in Mexico. One of them, Juan Escutia, even wrapped himself in the Mexican flag and leaped to his death from the walls, just so that the Americans would not be able to take it in battle. Although modern historians believe the tale of the Hero Children to be embellished, the fact is that the defenders fought valiantly. Death of the Saint Patricks A few miles away but in full view of Chapultepec, 30 members of the St. Patricks Battalion awaited their grim fate. The Battalion was composed mainly of deserters from the US army who had joined the Mexicans: most of them were Irish Catholics who felt that they should be fighting for Catholic Mexico instead of the USA. The Battalion had been crushed at the Battle of Churubusco on August 20: all of its members were dead, captured or scattered in and around Mexico City. Most of those that had been captured were tried and sentenced to death by hanging. 30 of them had been standing with nooses around their necks for hours. As the American flag was raised over Chapultepec, the men were hanged: it was meant to be the last thing they ever saw. The Gates of Mexico City With the fortress of Chapultepec in their hands, the Americans immediately attacked the city. Mexico City, once built over lakes, was accessed by a series of bridge-like causeways. The Americans assaulted the Belà ©n and San Cosme causeways as Chapultepec fell. Although resistance was fierce, both causeways were in American hands by the late afternoon. The Americans drove the Mexican forces back into the city: by nightfall, the Americans had gained enough ground to be able to bombard the heart of the city with mortar fire. Legacy of the Battle of Chapultepec On the night of the 13th, Mexican General Antonio Là ³pez de Santa Anna, in overall command of the Mexican forces, retreated from Mexico City with all available soldiers, leaving it in American hands. Santa Anna would make his way to Puebla, where he would unsuccessfully try to sever the American supply lines from the coast. Scott had been correct: with Chapultepec fallen and Santa Anna gone, Mexico City was well and truly in the hands of the invaders. Negotiations began between the American diplomat Nicholas Trist and what was left of the Mexican government. In February they agreed on the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which ended the war and ceded vast tracts of Mexican land to the USA. By May the treaty had been ratified by both nations and was officially implemented. The Battle of Chapultepec is remembered by the U.S. Marine Corps as one of the first major battles in which the corps saw action. Although the marines had been around for years, Chapultepec was their highest-profile battle to date: the Marines were among those who had successfully stormed the castle. The marines remember the battle in their hymn, which begins with From the halls of Montezuma†¦ and in the blood stripe, the red stripe on the trousers of the marine dress uniform, which honors those who fell at the Battle of Chapultepec. Although their army was defeated by the Americans, the Battle of Chapultepec is a source of much pride for Mexicans. In particular, the Nià ±os Hà ©roes who bravely refused to surrender, has been honored with a memorial and statues, and many schools, streets, parks, etc. in Mexico are named for them.

The Goal Of The Leader - 923 Words

The Goal of the Leader The twentieth century was a period where different political ideologies came into existence throughout the world. The beginning of the century communism was occurring throughout Russia, while in the mid-twentieth century, much of Europe was fascist and in the end of the twentieth, religion played an important part of politics in Iran. The political leader who was in charge of the political movement would deem someone or an idea as the foundation of the movement, while also stating who was the enemy of the movement. Communist Russia, European Fascist and Iranian Shi’as leaders concluded the basis of their movement were the people struggling at the bottom of the socioeconomic pyramid, because the movements occurred in different time periods of the twentieth century the enemy was not similar. Communism started in Russia, 1912 but did not become the official ruling party until 1918. V.I. Lenin was one of the founders of the Bolshevik Party in Russia and believed the Bolsheviks, o r the working class, was the core of the Russian Revolution and should be rewarded for communism occurring. Communist believed that in an ideal society where everyone would be equal with no political leader or social classes. Everyone would work solely for the betterment of society and not for personal gain. Communist Russian leaders ideologies were against popular concepts of the time, which was primarily about the state, while communism was anti-state. Communist leadersShow MoreRelatedThe Goal Of The Leader921 Words   |  4 PagesThe Goal of the Leader The twentieth centaury was a period where different political ideologies came into existence throughout the world. The beginning of the centaury communism was occurring throughout Russia, while in the mid-twentieth centaury much of Europe was fascist and in the end of twentieth, religion played an important part of politics in Iran. The political leader who was in charge of the political movement would deem someone or an idea as the foundation of the movement, while also statingRead MoreMy Goals As A Leader2468 Words   |  10 Pages1. Identify your goals as a leader First and foremost, my goals of a leader are to gain experience with internships or working as a leader for student organizations. I believe experience in leadership is imperative for success. There are qualities of a good leader that you cannot simply learn entirely in a class room, but are learned through actually working with people and managing and motivating them to succeed. After experience, I think it’s important to always continue to learn. Working closelyRead MoreMy Goals As A Leader2346 Words   |  10 Pages1. Identify your goals as a leader As an individual, I have many short-term and many long-term goals. I have involved myself immensely during my time at Purdue University. Since my first year at Purdue University, I have made sure I have had adequate leadership experience that would benefit me for my future career and my life goals. I immediately joined clubs and organizations that would help me gain leadership experience. I made sure the clubs and organizations I joined not only fulfilled myRead MoreLeadership Goals And Objectives Of A Leader Essay1354 Words   |  6 Pageskey to motivation, but it’s determination and commitment to an unrelenting pursuit of your goal  a commitment to excellence  that will enable you to attain the success you seek†. -Mario Andretti Leadership is the process of motivating others to work to meet specific goals and objectives. A leader motivates others to action. Thus, it is the motivation of others and their actions that defines a successful leader. In other words, leadership is the art and science of getting others to perform and achieveRead MoreEffective Leaders Motivate And Motivate Followers And Achieve Collective Goals1599 Words   |  7 PagesEffective leaders motivate and inspire followers to achieve collective goals. Within an organisational context, the changing nature of the workplace and the employment relationship has seen a shifting focus to the importance of establishing trust between leaders and followers, emphasising employee wellbeing and team orientated decision-making. However leaders who exhibit toxic traits have lasting effects, not only upon their followers, but also the organisation. From a psychological perspective,Read MoreI Believe That My Job As A Leader Is To Set A Goal, Create1801 Wo rds   |  8 PagesI believe that my job as a leader is to set a goal, create a way to reach it and make the people follow it. This sentence integrates an ordered sequence of the process that starts by knowing and leading oneself, continues through innovation and finishes by leading others. Consequently, I consider that leading small teams and large organizations starts with what is driving the leader. Setting a goal links the passion and principles of the leader with the organization that he belongs. I believe thatRead More1.1 Company’S Goal. Oppo, As A Leader Of China’S Mobile1265 Words   |  6 Pages1.1 Company’s Goal OPPO, as a leader of China’s mobile industry, is dedicated to provide customers with the most advanced and delicate smart phones. While exploiting the function of well-operated mobile, they are also aspiring after fair and artistic shape. The company’s primary objective is constantly improving the popularity of their brand, which is conducive to set customers â€Å"Young, Fashionable and International† brand images. Besides, they want to attract more customers to be faithful via theRead MoreDescribe Your Leadership Role Is Your Goals? How Has It Made You A Better Leader?879 Words   |  4 PagesEssay 1: Describe your leadership role(s). What did you accomplish? How has this experience influenced your goals? How has it made you a better leader? I have always been interested in leadership as a means of improving the community. In high school, I was an officer of several student organizations and used my position to encourage my peers to try new things. I led the charge to provide scholarships for teens in rural China, who would not have had the opportunity to attend high school due to financialRead MoreLeadership Theories Of A Leader And Leader Member Exchange Theories1332 Words   |  6 Pagesof an effective organizational leader. However, there is more to being an effective leader than simply the qualities. The connections between a leader and subordinates are simply as vital in being an effective leader. The two theories that focus on relationships between the leader and subordinates are the Path-Goal Leadership and Leader-Member Exchange theories. Robert House developed the Path-Goal Leadership Theory in 1971 and he revised it in 1996. House’s path-goal conceptualization of leadershipRead MoreIt Is Said That Many Companies Are over Managed and Under Led. Define Leadership and Explain What the Path-Goal Theory of Leadership Is. Identify the Four Leadership Styles of Path-Goal Theory and Explain When They Are Most Appropriately Used.1312 Words   |  6 Pagesthinking, work and etc. Leaders will have different leadership styles to manage and lead their employees which are identified by the path–goal theory of leadership. This is why the attitude and the behavior of a leader will influence his/her subordinates on achieving their goals and objectives. Leadership is mostly defined as a process of leading or influencing a group of people or an organization to achieve their goals. According to Yukl, ‘it is obvious that a person can be a leader without becoming

Is Reality And Personal Identity - 1878 Words

Safian Alli English 101: College Prep Professor Monescalchi July 26, 2017 Paper #2: (Final Draft): Reality and Personal Identity Reality is an unstable state of consciousness that differs for every individual, as it is formed and based every individual’s experiences and societal influences. A person’s state of reality is formulated on the basis of his or her self-conception, that is, one’s tentative awareness of his or her unique abilities. The relationship between reality and personal identity is highlighted throughout Andrew Solomon’s â€Å"Son† and Leslie Bell’s â€Å"Hard to Get: Twenty-Something Women and the Paradox of Sexual Freedom,† where one’s personal identity affects his or her state of reality as it dictates how he or she perceives†¦show more content†¦Bell writes, â€Å"Tired of being a good girl who met all her parents’ and community’s expectations, Jayanthi began casually hooking up with men after college, often meeting several in one night† (33). Initi ally, Jayanthi adopted the â€Å"good girl† strategy as a part of society’s expectations and fulfilled her parents’ desire of being a typical Indian girl. In other words, Jayanthi’s initial approach to her reality as well as her personal identity was to act according to her parents’ and society’s expectations. However, throughout the passage of time, Jayanthi becomes â€Å"tired† of the â€Å"good girl strategy† as she still did not find her sense of identity but instead, her initial reality was altered because she did not embrace who she was. Essentially, Jayanthi did not embrace her reality at present as she feels that her life was determined by her family’s expectations. In essence, her pre-conceived reality of being a typical Indian daughter was altered because of her individual desire to find her sense of identity that is more complicated than that laid out from her cultural background. In an attempt to defy he r parents’ as well as society’s expectations, Jayanthi decided to find her ideal sense of reality by searching for her personal identity. Bell writes, â€Å"Jayanthi worked hard to give herself a history that differed from her family’s expectations †¦prior to her crazy time, she felt herself to be meeting all her parents’ expectations of a good Indian girl† (34).Show MoreRelatedIdeas Of Personal Identity, Human Nature, And Reality877 Words   |  4 PagesMy aim in this essay is to analyze in this order the ideas of personal identity, human nature, and reality. The following essays and films will be analyzed: Divided Minds and the Nature of Persons, The Selfish Cooperator, Does the Real World Exist, Transfer, I Am and The Signal. In Derek Parfit s Divided Minds and the Nature of Persons, we learn that personal identity is ever changing, whereas in Richard Dawkin s essay The Selfish Cooperator we are taught that human nature is circumstantialR ead MoreThe Movie Matrix and Mindscan: Are AI’s Human or a Hoax?1855 Words   |  7 Pagesand artificial intelligence (AI) have blurred into an area of controversy. Questions such as what characteristics define being human, what is a personal identity, and can AI’s ever be considered human are only a few questions addressed by Mindscan and The Matrix. Using Richard Sawyer’s novel Mindscan, and the movie The Matrix, I will discuss my personal views on what defines humanity and whether or not the characters in the above works meet these criteria. Many conditions must be met in order forRead MoreTheme of Identity in Summer Farm and The Bay1011 Words   |  5 PagesThe theme of identity is featured in the poems â€Å"Summer Farm† by Norman MacCaig and â€Å"The Bay† by James K. Baxter. Both poems are set in a natural foreground and address the issues associated with the theme of identity. Through the use of various literary techniques such as parallelism, metaphor and imagery, the theme of identity is presented in both poems. In the opening of â€Å"Summer Farm† by Norman MacCaig, the persona is in a state of thoughtlessness and presents the reader with images of lifeRead MoreEmerson’s Unifying Philosophy Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesHistorical figures such as Plato, Descartes, and Emerson sought answers to daunting questions of: ‘What is truth?’; ‘What is reality?’; ‘How is wisdom acquired?’ Many scholars believe these philosophers presented conflicting viewpoints: Plato encouraging skepticism among all previous historical, cultural, and personal perspectives; Descartes questioning definitions of reality and his very existence; Emerson encouraging self-trust and confidence in one’s ideals, opinions, and convictions. SurprisinglyRead MoreSymbolic Interaction: My Favorite Sociological Theory1235 Words   |  5 Pagesfundamental representations of our identities. Symbolic interactionism has several points of overlap with other theories in other fields, insofar as everything about us words, actions, behaviors, environment, etc. is an expression of how we define ourselves and how we define ourselves in relation to others. All of these factors contribute directly to how we define and perform our identities, which is something we are doing constantly. We have the power to create our identities through external measuresRead MoreEssay on Understanding Ourselves in the Age of the Internet1407 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding Ourselves in the Age of the Internet In her book, Life on Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet, author Sherry Turkle explains the effect technology has on the way individuals view themselves, and how this relates to the growth of postmodernist thinking. According to Turkle, the rapid expansion of network technology, specifically the Internet, is responsible for introducing millions of people to new spaces and ways of interactivity with one another. This revolutionaryRead MoreThe Development of Identity1419 Words   |  6 PagesErikson also noted that identity is not only developed by the individual but also, through interaction with, recognition and confirmation of friends and family. Showing how just like in particular Internet sites, children learn social competence through â€Å"cliques† and large crowds of people who impose various types of influences (Schà ¶pflin). This concept relates back to two assumptions based on identity. â€Å"Identity† is currently used in two concurrent senses, one of which is â€Å"personal† and the other â€Å"social†Read MoreA Liberation Psychology By Martin Baro934 Words   |  4 Pagesbefore or after- in a permanet psychological present. Furthermore, the prevailing discourse puts forth an apparently natural and a historical reality, structuring it in such a way as to cause it to be accepted without question. This makes it impossible to derive lessons from experi ence and, more importan, makes it impossible to find the roots of one’s own identity, which is as much needed for interpreting one’s sense of the present as for glimpsing possible alternatives tha might exist. (Page. 30) Read MoreThe Sociological Perspective Of Dramaturgy Is Associated With Irving Goffman1041 Words   |  5 Pagesdramaturgy is associated with Irving Goffman (1922 – 1982) who developed the concept in his book The Presentation Of The Self In Everyday Life (1959). Using theatre as an extended metaphor, dramaturgy explains the everyday interactions that uphold social reality. Life is like a play, and like actors in a play, people perform roles, working in teams to create the social world, like scenes in a play. This provides functional institutions of work, school, home, hospitals and other official bodies that constituteRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem I Am Struck By The Irony Between Momaday And The Kiowa Treatment Of Women753 Words   |  4 Pageshardworking woman who cherished her family and friends. Stories she shared about her youth and her numerous life experiences supported me and guided me. Much of my personal identity formed in connection to her. My grandmotherâ€⠄¢s landscape, traditions, and identity lives on through me and my family. We, as people, construct identities to both give life meaning and to make meaning of life. Momaday makes meaning of his life and culture through the unique textual structure of The Way to Rainy Mountain

Principles of Financial Markets

Question: Discuss about the Principles of Financial Markets. Answer: Introduction Fundamental analysis is conducted in tow approaches namely a top down and a bottom up analysis. The former analyzes industrial factors that influence the economy with respect to a company in a given industry (Marta Brusuelas, 2009). A bottom up analysis, on the other hand, assesses the financial condition of a particular company and its contribution in an industry. The fundamental analysis compares companies in a sector and not those in different sectors (Murphy, 2013). Top Down Analysis The airline industry faces many significant financial risks that affect the vulnerable returns on stock. Often, these risk exposures emanate from the ever changing economic conditions, the unstable and volatile movements in oil prices, and fluctuations in the exchange rates (Berghfer Lucey, 2014). These three risk exposures are the biggest threats to the stock prices. The risks are related to a competition in price, cyclical demand, capital investment, elevated levels of gearing, regulatory impediments arising from landing rights and ownership restrictions, and the fixed labour and equipment restrictions (Yasmin-Yashodha, et al., 2016). Evidently, the management of these exposures will determine how firms in the aviation industry progress. Companies such as Qantas Airway Limited and the Virgin Australia Group have experienced challenges such as high fuel prices, dwindling revenues, and economic uncertainties. These challenges paved way for low cost carriers to enter the market, especially for the economy class returns. The global financial crisis implied a drop in profits by many companies due to the increase in fuel costs, one-off gains, and a slower demand (Jorge Augusto, 2011). Qantas Airways Limited recorded an underlying profit of 1.53 billion dollars whereas Virgin Australia Group realized a figure of 41.0 million dollars. Despite the high prices both carriers still managed to record profits. Exchange Rate Exposure and the Stock Price Virgin Australia and Qantas are exposed to several risks that influence the companies objectives, both short-term and long-term. Some other factors that determine the stock price include the effects of pandemics, over-capacity in the market, competition on fares, and the low entry barrier of getting into the market. Foreign currency exposure is the sensitivity of the firms market value to unanticipated exchange rate movements. The exchange rate movements are solely determined by the foreign exposure of the firm (Laux, Yan, Zhang, 2015). This foreign exposure is derived from the operating revenue, risks due to costs, and the operating cash flow margin. Currency hedging practices and measurements also determine the exposure. Most of the expenses incurred by airplane carriers are handled in terms of major currencies (Chew, 2008). Consequently, a fluctuation of the currency will affect the profitability of the airlines in a number of ways. When the borrowing costs are handled in different currencies, it is expected that some liabilities will change alongside the equity of the company. The influence of tourism demand from overseas will influence the exchange rate risk factor because of the levels of exchange rate and competition the company is likely to face locally (Lee Hooy, 2012). Companies can thus be forced to adjust their revenue from overseas ventures appropriately. The exchange rate exposure is related to a number of variables. The companys revenue is subject to this exposure. Tickets are sold both locally and to international customers so it is difficult to avoid the exposure (Lima Hong, 2014). The foreign activities may also involve exchange of currency from one value to another and this enhances the level of risk. There is also aggressive competition, particularly in the international routes. This translates to the conversion of currency into the local one. As aforementioned revenues are closely linked to the exchange rates, thus the pricing level can reduce the effects of the exchange rates (Lima Hong, 2014). From a competitive perspective, industry-related factors also significantly affect the exposure levels. The currency exposure movement has an ambiguous effect on revenues. A rise or drop in the value of the domestic currency can either increase or decrease the cost of borrowing foreign debt and other costs. Foreign demand for international and domestic flights moves inversely with the value of the home currency. The demand for domestic travel shares an inverse relationship with the home currency and a demand for international travel changes directly. Hence, any depreciation in currency increases the probability of the residents to favor domestic travel rather than international destinations (Treanor, Simkins, Rogers, Carter, 2014). The competition thus prevents the airlines from preventing their revenues from experiencing currency movements. The significance of the exposure as measured by share returns, is dependent on the specific exchange rate, and varies over time. Airlines with foreign routes or various country offices are likely to have additional foreign sales, and airlines with holdings of international assets are more likely to be exposed to exchange rate movements (Yasmin-Yashodha, Hamid, Habibullah, 2016). With all of these effects offsetting and counteracting each other, the final impact of the currency exposure is uncertain. Fuel Price Exposure The fuel price affects the operational costs of the airline. Of an airlines operational costs, jet fuel accounts for approximately 13% (Laux, Yan, Zhang, 2015). This risk has an economic significance to the airplane carriers in the transportation industry. It is also possible to invest very little especially when the fuel price is high despite the existence of investment opportunities. The investment opportunities and the jet fuel costs in the airline industry have a direct correlation even as the higher costs are consistent with a lower flow of cash (Yasmin-Yashodha, Hamid, Habibullah, 2016). While the costs of jet fuel can be hedged, the airlines may desire to expand and hence hedge future purchases of fuel. Hedging increase the value in capital investment. Short-term cash flows are likely to be directly related to changes in fuel prices due to price change inertia (Marta Brusuelas, 2009). Revenue responsiveness may initially be slow due to advance sales, pre-committed advertised package fares, pre-booked seats, and so on. The fuel price exposure is more likely to be specific to a firm and echo various degrees of competitive power and fuel efficiency across the various airlines (Murphy, 2013). The effects of the price are thus more likely to be transferred because of the uniformity in fuel costs. The cash flows of the airlines are inversely proportional to the changes in fuel prices (Rich, Jones, Heitger, Mowen, Hansen, 2012). The profitability of the airline is thus reduced by the evident costs associated with jet fuel prices. Interest Rate Exposure The interest rate determines the loans, operating, and financial leases that are used to finance the acquisition of airplanes. The sector is relatively capital intensive due to the nature of the assets. Equity investment can be difficult to source because of the high earnings volatility. Equity financing is also greatly reduced due to the characteristic lower than average price-earnings ratios (Baker Filbeck, 2015). Borrowing costs are directly related to interest rate changes especially when the companies have variable rate leases and loans. The progression of the business cycle and the economic conditions are also affected by the interest rate (Berghfer Lucey, 2014). Eventually, the effects are felt in customer demand because here the demand is seasonal and cyclical. The exposure also brings financial distress on the airline industry. This distress is due to the forced sale of assets such as the aircraft fleet at heavily discounted prices because distressed airlines are forced to sell aircraft at below market prices, the purchase of new aircraft due to competition or contractual obligations, above industry average debt levels, and a decrease in revenue due to competition (Jorge Augusto, 2011). In the airline industry, an increase in the interest rates can increase the costs of distress as the operating and financial leverage is also high (Lima Hong, 2014). One reason why firms may under-invest is because of the distress costs. That behavior shows how the firm value can decrease as an indirect consequence of financial distress and under-investment costs. Profitability Analysis This analysis demonstrates how profits can be generated from the revenue. The ratios show how the companys investors have played a role in generating revenue for the company (Holtzman, 2013). The company uses this information to assess the managements effectiveness. The following table compares profitability ratios with respect to Qantas Airways Limited and Virgin Australia Limited. 2016 2015 2014 Gross Profit margin (%) Qantas Virgin Australia 1.11 1.29 1.06 1.14 1.03 1.11 Return on Equity (%) Qantas Virgin Australia 4.98 3.32 4.89 3.14 4.67 2.85 Return on Assets (%) Qantas Virgin Australia 0.97 0.76 0.88 0.72 0.72 0.68 Table 1: Comparative profitability analysis for the last 3-year period The gross margin ratio measures the companys ability to convert its inventory into cash when it sells (Jiambalvo, 2010). Therefore, a high value of gross margin is better because the company can fund its operations. The two companies reported values close to 1 (Maher, Stickney, Weil, 2012). The return on assets ratio is used to evaluate how a company can generate profits from its assets.. This ratio compares the earnings of the company to its total assets (Holtzman, 2013). The ratio is derived from the net profit or loss and the total assets. A high return on assets ration values means that the business realizes more profits from its assets. The value thus indicates how the management make use of the companys assets to generate revenue (Jiambalvo, 2010). The return on equity makes a comparison between the net income and the stockholders equity (Warren, Reeve, Duchac, 2014). The ratio is thus a measure of the profits that an investment from the shareholders has the potential to generate. This ratio is derived by finding the quotient between the net income and the average stockholder equity (Rich, Jones, Heitger, Mowen, Hansen, 2012). High values of ROA are preferred because they underline how management utilizes the stakeholders investments to create more income (Warren, et al., 2014). On comparison, Qantas Airways Limited is more likely to generate better returns as compared to Virgin Australia Limited because the former has performed better. Financial Strength Analysis This method analyzes the business capabilities of paying its long-term and short-term debts (Jiambalvo, 2010). The table below compares the financial strengths of Qantas Airways and Virgin Australia Limited. 2016 2015 2014 Debt to Equity Ratio Qantas Virgin Australia 4.13 4.11 4.09 4.01 3.98 3.95 Debt Ratio Qantas Virgin Australia 0.80 0.98 0.80 0.96 0.81 0.95 Return on Equity (%) Qantas Virgin Australia 4.98 3.32 4.89 3.14 4.67 2.85 Table 2: Financial strength analysis for the past 3-year period The debt to equity ratio represents a companys financing in relation to its creditors and investors. When this ratio is high, it implies that much of the business finance comes from the creditors (bank loans) and not from the shareholders (Holtzman, 2013). The debt to equity ratio is determined from the total liabilities and the shareholders equity by finding their quotient (Holtzman, 2013). Lower values of this ratio are preferred since they indicate less risk in investing into the company (Maher, Stickney, Weil, 2012). The debt ratio measures the level of debt or the liabilities of the business with respect to the total assets (Maher, Stickney, Weil, 2012). It is determined by finding the quotient of the total debt incurred and the total assets of the company. The ratio measures of the quantity of debt that is being financed by the assets owned by the company. The total debt refers to both long-term and short-term debt. A comparison of the ROE value between the two companies shows that investment into Qantas Airways is more likely to generate better returns as compared to investing into Virgin Australia because the former has a higher value. Management Efficiency Analysis Management of efficiency analysis determines how efficient a manager is (Jiambalvo, 2010). To perform the analysis the ROE, fixed asset turnover, and total asset turnover were used for this case. The analysis from the two companies is broken down in the table below. 2015 2014 2013 Asset turnover ratio Qantas Virgin Australia 4.68 3.98 3.13 4.07 2.85 4.13 Return on Equity (%) Qantas Virgin Australia 4.98 3.32 4.89 3.14 4.67 2.85 Total Asset Turnover Qantas Virgin Australia 0.96 0.62 0.89 0.61 0.83 0.57 Table 3: Management efficiency analysis A high total asset turnover figure demonstrates how the company can generate sales despite having limited fixed assets. A low ratio, on the other hand, may indicate that the business has many fixed assets or it needs to rejuvenate its sales (Rich, Jones, Heitger, Mowen, Hansen, 2012). The total assets and net sales are used to determine the ratio. The asset turnover evaluates a business efficiency when it utilizes its assets to create revenue. The sales are analyzed with respect to the assets (Warren, et al., 2014). If the companies were to generate more revenue from very few assets, it will indicate their efficiency at managing their assets (Warren, Reeve, Duchac, 2014). Recommendations Not much research has been documented on the financial risk exposures affecting the aviation industry. However, the fundamental analysis carried out with respect to Qantas Airways Limited and Virgin Australia Limited is sufficient to determine the financial performance of the two companies and the state of the aviation sector in the transportation industry. The financial risks under study: the exchange rate exposure, fuel price risk, and the foreign currency all play a crucial role in the value of a companys stock in this particular industry. The financial analysis helped to underline individual financial performance of the companies. Qantas Airways performed better than Virgin Australia as it had higher values in various ratios. While the company recorded a net profit of $1.54 billion, Virgin Australia managed $41 million in profits. References List Baker, K. Filbeck, G., 2015. Investment Risk Management. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Berghfer, B. Lucey, B., 2014. Fuel hedging, operational hedging and risk exposure Evidence from the global airline industry. International Review of Financial Analysis, Volume 34, pp. 124-139. Chew, D. H., 2008. Corporate Risk Management. New York: Columbia University Press. Holtzman, M. P., 2013. Managerial Accounting For Dummies. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Jiambalvo, J., 2010. Managerial Accounting. New York: John Wiley Sons. Jorge, M. J. d. S. Augusto, M. A. G., 2011. Financial risk exposures and risk management: evidence from european nonfinancial firms. RAM. Revista de Administrao Mackenzie, volume 12 issue 5, pp. 65-97. Krause, T. A. Tse, Y., 2016. Risk management and firm value: recent theory and evidence. International Journal of Accounting Information Management, volume 24 no. 1, pp. 56-81. Laux, P. A., Yan, H. Zhang, C., 2015. Cost, risk-taking, and value in the airline industry, Delaware: s.n. Lee, C.-H. Hooy, C.-W., 2012. Determinants of systematic financial risk exposures of airlines in North America, urope and Asia. Journal of Air Transport Management, Volume 24, pp. 31-35. Lima, S. H. Hong, Y., 2014. Fuel hedging and airline operating costs. Journal of Air Transport Management, Volume 36, pp. 33-40. Loudon, G. F., 2004. Financial Risk Exposures in the Airline Industry: Evidence from Australia and New Zealand. Australian Journal of Management, 29(2), pp. 295-316. Maher, M. W., Stickney, C. P. Weil, R. L., 2012. Managerial Accounting: An Introduction to Concepts, Methods and Uses. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Marta, T. Brusuelas, J., 2009. Forex analysis and trading : Effective top-down strategies combining fundamental, position, and technical analyses. New York: Bloomberg Press. Murphy, J. J., 2013. Intermarket analysis : profiting from global market relationships. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Poitras, G., 2013. Commodity Risk Management: Theory and Application. New York, NY: Routledge. Rich, J. et al., 2012. Cornerstones of Financial and Managerial Accounting. Mason, OH: Cengage Brain. Treanor, S. D., Simkins, B. J., Rogers, D. A. Carter, D. A., 2014. Does Operational and Financial Hedging Reduce Exposure? Evidence from the U.S. Airline Industry. The Finanical Review, 49(1), pp. 149-172. Warren, C. S., Reeve, J. M. Duchac, J., 2014. Financial Managerial Accounting. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Yasmin-Yashodha, Hamid, B. A. Habibullah, M. S., 2016. Financial risk exposures of the airlines industry: Evidence from Cathay Pacific Airways and China Airlines. International Journal of Business and Society, 17(2), pp. 221-244.

Coral Reef Pollution Can Hurt Bermudas Tourism Industry free essay sample

Environment and Development in a Global Perspective State of the Environment Report Coral Reef Pollution Can Hurt Bermuda’s Tourism Industry Introduction Waste management techniques in Bermuda have adverse effects on the coral reefs and can hurt the island’s tourism industry. This is a state of the environment report on the islands of Bermuda that serves to shed light on the pollution of the coral reefs due to waste management problems and the subsequent potential adverse effects it can have on the Tourism industry. I actually used to live in Bermuda during the period of 2006 to 2010 so I would like to think that I have gained valuable insight into the social and human development threats that this pollution problem poses to the general population. The tourism industry is the 2nd largest industry in Bermuda and is already in decline so it should be one of the island’s top priorities to maintain or even rebuild tourism to its former self. We will write a custom essay sample on Coral Reef Pollution Can Hurt Bermudas Tourism Industry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This report consists of three main parts. Firstly, a description of the environmental issues affecting the coral reef communities around the island. Secondly, a description of the human development issues and socioeconomic effects that the degradation of the coral reef community has or will most likely lead to on the island. Lastly, the report explores some proposed remedies for the environmental issues. State of the Environment For over a century, heavy metal waste from the islands of Bermuda has been stored on the shores of a large natural harbor called Castle Harbour. It is located between the north eastern end of the main island and St. David’s island and it just happens to be a mere two hundred meters away from the nearest coral reef community. Most of the waste being dealt with is from the population itself. There are about 67,000 people living on the islands and it is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. (Central Intelligence Agency) All of the country’s solid waste and scrap metal are either dumped at the site in Devonshire to be incinerated or stored at Castle Harbour, also known as the ‘airport dump’. â€Å"Bermuda has been disposing of waste at the airport dump for nearly 40 years with little thought of the impact on the environment,† read a 2010 article in the local newspaper, the Royal Gazette. Bardgett, 2010) Figure 1 shows a portion of the Castle Harbour site and really gives you an appreciation for the proximity of the waste to the water itself. As you can imagine there is not much land flow acting as a buffer before pollutants leach into the ocean. Figure 1. Old cars stacked at the Castle Harbour ‘airport dump. ’ (Bardgett, 2010) In addition to cars, appli ances such as refrigerators release harmful chemicals like anti-freeze and oil into the ocean surrounding the Harbour. These chemicals have already caused irreversible damage to the coral reef and are having a notable effect on the black grouper fish population (Bardgett, 2010). It is worth noting that the coral reef in the area has already been through irreversible sedimentation damage in the past from a dredge and fill operation that occurred 60 years ago. Since the 1970s, there was a decrease in percent cover from 12% (Dryer amp; Logan, 1978) to 2% and is not completely gone only because the brain coral Diploria labyrinthiformis was sediment tolerant (Flood, 2004). In Castle Harbour sedimentation is chronic so this new threat of chemical leakage is a blow to an already wounded environment. Figure 2 shows a brain coral from Castle Harbour that has been damaged by sedimentation. The dimple type formation is characteristic of sediment damage (Flood, 2004). Figure 2. Dimple formations on brain coral affected by sedimentation at Castle Harbour (Flood, 2004). Unfortunately, in addition to the sedimentation and the chemical leaching, the coral reef colonies are also subject to pollution from raw sewage. Bermuda does not have a sewage treatment plant. The island itself is made entirely of limestone, as it is land formed by a now dormant volcano. Households rely on pits dug into the limestone that stores and processes sewage along with used water from sinks and laundry. This mixture eventually reaches the oceans after it percolates through the limestone. Larger structures such as hotels and apartment complexes use pipes to transport waste offshore. According to this report, human sewage might cause the algae on the reef to â€Å"overgrow and shade the corals and eventually kill the reef† (â€Å"Bermuda’s inshore waters,†). Sewage waste that had been dissolved and pumped three miles offshore from Paget Parish in the south has caused a growth surge in marine weeds that choke the slower growing corals. Now this is an ecological imbalance and is currently ongoing so scientists are monitoring it (Jones). Also, the extra nutrients will cause the phytoplankton to grow in numbers and turn the water from crystal clear to green (â€Å"Bermuda’s inshore waters,†). During the summer months an average of 400,000 tourists visit the islands and cruise ships significantly contribute to the amount of sewage produced by the population. Sewage from the City of Hamilton and surrounding areas as well as the cruise ships are disposed of at the Seabright Point submarine sewage outfall. 500,000 to 1,000,000 gallons of raw sewage is discharged every day, at peak flow (â€Å"Seabright point monitoring,†). According to a Pastorok and Bilyard report, the three components of sewage effluent most detrimental to coral communities are nutrients, sediments and toxic substances (Pastorok amp; Bilyard, 1985). Castle Harbour is primarily providing sediments and toxic substances while the nutrients are being pumped about the islands at different locations but mainly from Seabright Point. The same report explained that anthropogenic inputs of dissolved nutrients and organic particulate matter can limit oxygen levels. This is important because it directly affects the marine life in the area that depends on the oxygen. Bermuda’s coral reefs are the most isolated and northern reefs in the Atlantic. It is actually extremely rare to find long distance dispersals by corals to isolated reefs like Bermuda’s. These coral reefs are located just on the outskirts of the environment that it thrives in so it does not have an abundance of different types of coral. The coral species that happen to be there have adapted to the seasonal weather that these higher latitudes bring. However, because there are a limited number of species, the entire reef’s ability to bounce back and respond to environmental change is limited. Therefore, any damage to the coral reefs will have persistent impacts. Related Human Development Issues Besides tourism, there are many ways that coral reef degradation directly impact humans. As mentioned before, coral reefs provide shoreline protection by buffering wave energy and reducing coastal erosion. As they become degraded, they will become weaker and the waves do not only cause more coastal erosion as they get stronger but they also aid in the breaking up of coral so once degradation has begun it tends to be a very slippery slope. Correspondingly, loss of coral reefs means loss of critical habitat for reef fish. Two of Bermuda’s local delicacies are codfish and potatoes, which are traditionally, enjoyed on a Sunday morning and rockfish which is a soft tasty dish that you can find at any restaurant on the island. Both of these fish are directly linked to the coral reefs and a reduction of habitat would mean a reduction in fish to catch. This would negatively affect both food supply and associated economic activities. Finally, coral reefs have pharmaceutical compounds and a degraded one can no longer provide medicinal resources for drugs to treat heart disease, cancer, and other illnesses (â€Å"Socioeconomic impacts,†). Figure 3 shows the different reasons that Bermuda’s coral reef communities are used and their associated values. Figure 3. Total Economic Value (TEV) of Bermuda’s coral community divided into sectors (Sarkis, van Beukering amp; McKenzie, 2010). Figure 4 corresponds with Figure 3 and provides the monetary value of the different sectors that the coral reef community TEV is divided into. Figure 4. Average Annual Value of services provided by Bermuda’s coral reefs (Sarkis, van Beukering amp; McKenzie, 2010). Bermuda’s tourism industry is already struggling but continues to be the 2nd largest industry in Bermuda (Central Intelligence Agency). The economy is primarily based on providing financial services for international business and since Bermuda has the fourth highest income per capita in the world, it’s safe to say that the country is truly affluent (Central Intelligence Agency). However, the wealth in the country is certainly not divided equally as the country’s wealth relies so heavily on these two industries. People with direct influence in the tourism and business community hold the majority of the island’s wealth but the population of locals in this category is very limited because many of the business executives and workforce are expatriates who come to the islands to work for some time and leave. This occurs because of the law in Bermuda that prevents foreigners from ever gaining citizenship and because most of the business is international and would more likely hire their own people for the higher positions. It is also extremely hard to become a resident without marrying a local and foreigners cannot even own land, or buy houses that are under the annual rental value of USD $177, 000 (â€Å"Bermuda residence and,† 2012). This means that the recorded 19% of the entire population that lives under the poverty line is actually a larger percentage of the truly local population. This is an extremely large number of people for a country that has five times the GDP per capita of the USA (Central Intelligence Agency). With jobs and positions in the business market essentially saturated, locals have been obligated to work in the service and hospitality sector where the tourism industry is the major provider of income. It is such a shame that the obvious candidate, the depression, is negatively affecting the industry. With the decline in tourism, a larger gap is being created between the rich and the poor. Also, since the initiative was taken to make the tourism industry a joint effort between the government and the community, a further decline in tourism would directly affect family owned hospitality businesses as well as single person jobs and will undoubtedly increase the percentage of the population living under the poverty line. So it would be even more shameful if the tourism industry were further perturbed by other factors on a local scale such as the pollution of the coral reefs due to poor waste management. Besides marine tourism and aesthetics, tourists mainly come to the island because of its world-renowned ‘pink sand’ beaches. The coral is responsible for the pink sand and clear water and most importantly acts as a buffer for wave action. Therefore, if there is less coral then there will be more coastal erosion and this would truly be detrimental to the beaches and Bermuda’s tourism. Proposed Remedies and Conclusion Now that we have established that the two main problems are the Castle Harbour leaching and the sewage disposal, we can talk about potential solutions. Greg Wilcox, president of Midway Auto Parts in Kansas City, Missouri, visited the island in 2010 with a few of his colleagues and explained that he was surprised at the situation at Castle Harbour because it was something only expected of a third world country (Bardgett, 2010). He is now working with the environmental group Greenrock on an initiative that would benefit all sectors of the community including insurance companies, auto repair shops and the government. In the US there are auto parts recyclers who deal with ‘white material’ and sell the second-hand parts (Bardgett, 2010). Having lived in Bermuda, I know for a fact that there is an abandoned airstrip behind the airport itself that would be a prime location for something of that nature. Transporting the material from Castle Harbour will not be a problem because it is literally across the street. It is already the first thing the tourists see when they get to the island but at least this way it can be contained within warehouses inside a compound and white material can be drained and disposed of properly. For the sewage system problem, the most obvious remedy would be to build a sewage treatment plant. However, because of the linear dispersal of the island it would be very difficult to dig up the roads to lay down sewage lines (Wingate, 2006). The public also are strongly against a sewage treatment plant being anywhere near their houses and in the central district of Hamilton there is hardly any vacant land available. The only option to mitigate the amount of sewage leaking into the ocean would be to upgrade the method of treatment for each household or complex. If the government were to import small-scale self-contained tertiary treatment plants in bulk for each household it will be more affordable (Wingate, 2006). Having said all this, no action will be taken for at least another four years because the Coral Reef Ecology and Optics Lab just launched a five year assessment of the marine environment and coral reef ecosystem in 2012. The assessment is centered on the Seabright Point sewage outfall and is supposed to determine the fate of the sewage as well as the impact on the reef ecosystem (â€Å"Seabright point monitoring,†) Final Word Count: 2416 References: 1. ) Central Intelligence Agency. (2013). The World Factbook: Bermuda. Updated February 13, 2013, Retrieved March 19, 2013, from https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bd. html 2. ) Bardgett, Robyn. (2010, December 1). Vehicle recyclers visit from US Pollution at airport dump causes concern. The Royal Gazette, Retrieved from http://www. royalgazette. com/article/20101201/NEWS07/712019915 3. ) Pastorok, R. A. , Bilyard, G. R. , 1985. Effects of sewage pollution on coral-reef communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 21, 175–189. 4. ) Dryer, S. , Logan, A. , 1978. Holocene reefs and sediments of Castle Harbor, Bermuda. Journal of Marine Research. 36(3), 339–425. 5. ) Flood, V. S. (2004). Coral Community Structure and Patterns of Sedimentation in Castle Harbour Bermuda. Retrieved from http://athenaeum. libs. uga. edu/bitstream/handle/10724/7970/flood_vanese_s_200412_ms. pdf? sequence=1 6. ) Bermudas inshore waters. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. coexploration. org/bbsr/coral/html/body_bermuda_inshore_waters. html 7. Jones, R. (n. d. ). Environmental issues. Retrieved from http://www. moon. com/destinations/bermuda/background/the-land/environmental-issues 8. ) Seabright point monitoring. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. bios. edu/research/projects/seabright 9. ) Socioeconomic impacts. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. reefresilience. org/Toolkit_Coral/C2c2_Socioecon. html 10. ) Sarkis , S. , van Beukering, P. J. H. , amp; McKenzie, E. Bermu da Department of Conservation Services, (2010). Total economic value of bermuda. Retrieved from website: http://www. onservation. bm/coral-reef-economic-valuation/ 11. ) Bermuda residence and property. (2012, November). Retrieved from http://www. lowtax. net/lowtax/html/bermuda/jbrres. html 12. ) Wingate, D. Bermuda Zoological Society, (2006). Conservation in bermuda  (CON-02). Retrieved from website: http://www. gov. bm/portal/server. pt/gateway/PTARGS_0_2_11280_207_227543_43/http;/ptpublisher. gov. bm;7087/publishedcontent/publish/new_min_of_environment/environmental_protection___project_nature_fact_sheets/conservation_in_bermuda_0. pdf